Research Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 4

Examination Proposal - Essay Example ation to the last phases of advanced education, is a mind-boggling concern, the verbalization of a way of thinking of training which tends to the characterized objectives is an important endeavor. It will work as the essential concern and goal of the proposed thesis. The vale of the proposed subject gets from the very idea of worldwide requests upon the instructive framework. Given the ever-expanding crime percentage and the developing multiplication of expert practitioners’ infringement of their embraced code of morals, it is basic to address the issue at its underlying foundations (Sarfatti-Larson, 1976; Hunter, 2003; Masschelein, 2003; Carr and Stuetel, 1999; Winch, 2004). These roots, as Carr and Stuetel (1999) fight, exist at the essential instruction level. Consequently, settling the issue of flippancy inseparably connected to the execution of an ethical way of thinking of instruction (Sarfatti-Larson, 1976; Hunter, 2003; Masschelein, 2003; Carr and Stuetel, 1999; Winch, 2004). Accordingly, it is conceivable to communicate the significance of the point as getting from the issues of heightening crime percentages and expanded flippancy across callings, practices and exercises and the job that the instructive framework should play in it s goals, also the obligation that it needs to do as such. The hypothetical components of the issue will be examined against the foundation of variation methods of reasoning of instruction with an end goal to evaluate which might be most appropriate for the plan of a school educational program which would add to the goals of the referenced issue. While the proposed investigation will draw on different instances of nations/instructive areas which have actualized an ethical way of thinking of training, the exploration will constrain itself to the investigation of the circumstance inside the United Kingdom and will focus on the essential degree of instruction. 2. To explain the degree to which the instructive framework, verifiably and hypothetically, has a duty towards the

Plato And Aristotle Essays - Ancient Greek Philosophers,

Plato And Aristotle What is genuine? What gives life meaning? What happens when we pass on? These three inquiries are normal in the present society. Everybody has unique convictions and their responses to these world view questions are unique. Greek Philosopher's, Aristotle and Plato had altogether different perspectives and answers to these inquiries. What is genuine? Aristotle accepted that for something to be genuine it needed to have a substance and a structure or a body and a spirit. Our faculties are too reality. Presently Plato then again accepted that the truth is changeless and our faculties can't be trusted. He additionally accepted eternal things are more genuine than the human. For instance, Greek divine beings, interminable spirits, and universals are more genuine than people, creatures, and plants that are viewed as mortal. What gives life meaning? As per Aristotle accomplishing the most noteworthy conceivable potential with our abilities, to prevail upon our feelings and the brilliant signify which is everything with some restraint gives life meaning. Presently Plato accepted that instruction through a forty-multi year program gives life meaning. Plato felt that everyone's objective in life is, We adapted yet overlooked. What happens when we bite the dust? Aristotle thought nothing happens when we bite the dust in light of the fact that to try and exist you must have a body and a spirit. So in the event that you kick the bucket and your body leaves, at that point you try not to exist since you don't have both a body and a spirit. Plato accepted that when we bite the dust we are reused. It is somewhat similar to rebirth however not very. At the point when you bite the dust you're reawakened however have lost the entirety of your past information because of the injury birth causes. This is the place Plato's objective in life ties in. We adapted yet our spirit overlooked when we are renewed. Plato and Aristotle had totally various responses to the inquiries, What is genuine? What gives life What does that mean? also, What happens when we kick the bucket? A portion of their responses to these world view questions may appear to be peculiar however we as a whole have our own answers and perspectives about numerous various things.

The Essential Guide to Freelance Ghostwriting

The Essential Guide to Freelance Ghostwriting Youve probably heard of the ghostwriting process, known people who have actually worked as ghostwriters, and read the work of a ghostwriter without even realizing it. Most aspects of this profession occur behind the scenes. So, what exactly is ghostwriting, and what does this process entail?What exactly is a ghostwriter?A ghostwriter is someone who is hired to write works of journalism or other literature, speeches, social media content, or other text that will be officially credited to someone else. Political leaders, celebrities, executives, and even some news representatives hire ghostwriters to create or rewrite memoirs, blogs, or newspaper and magazine articles. Ghostwriters also work in the music industry, creating musical works or lyrics, and in the movie industry, writing or improving scripts for screenplay authors. Even Mozart is known to have paid a ghostwriter to write music for wealthy patrons.Credit for ghostwritten works is not attributed to the ghostwriter. Usually, th e credited author and the ghostwriter both sign a contract including a confidentiality clause that requires the ghostwriter to be anonymous. The ghostwriter might be acknowledged as a researcher or a research assistant, but most of the time, the ghostwriter does not receive any public credit for his or her work.Timeline and feesGhostwriters complete their work over a period of time that ranges from months to a year, depending on the nature of the project, as they research, write, and edit both fiction and nonfiction works. Ghostwriting fees can be paid according to an agreed-upon rate per word, per page, or per project. A portion of the royalties from sales is also given to the ghostwriter after the work is published. Like any other freelance venture, Ghostwriters must keep detailed and accurate books if they expect to manage their businesses successfully.Roles and responsibilitiesThe degree and range of work a ghostwriter performs can vary. Sometimes a ghostwriter edits or rewrites sections of a rough draft or an unfinished piece of literature. In other cases, such as with an autobiography for a public figure, the ghostwriter performs a significant amount of research before creating the text from scratch. A popular fiction author may hire a ghostwriter to write books in the authors particular writing style in order to produce more books.The processWhen a ghostwriter is hired to write an autobiography, the credited author, his or her colleagues, and family members meet with the ghostwriter to discuss the potential content. The ghostwriter also finds interviews, articles, and video footage about the credited author or his or her work. In the case of nonfiction books or articles, a ghostwriter interviews the credited author and reviews past speeches, interviews, and other published articles about the credited author to accurately reflect his or her perspective and opinion within the text. Most of this work can be done via email, postal mail, phone call, and othe r modes of communication between the two parties.Types of ghostwritingSince the industries in which ghostwriters can work and the types of work they produce can vary widely, its pretty clear that ghostwriting can incorporate significantly different tasks. The following are the four main types of ghostwriting:Marketing letters from a company CEO These letters are sent from a company to business entities as a request to sell their product. If the letter is sent from the CEO, its probably a case of ghostwriting. Other sales correspondence with no apparent sender is usually not ghostwritten.Authors ideas in their own words In this case, authors pay a ghostwriter to flesh out their ideas and then turn them into a book or an article. The prep involves communication between the ghostwriter and the credited author, during which the former takes notes on the latters spoken word or sketched-out written notes and develops them into a book. The author might even send the ghostwriter a draft tha ts been mostly written already, and that just needs to be cleaned up through substantial editing or rewriting.Authors ideas in the ghostwriters words Authors might hire a ghostwriter to take a general outline theyve created, perform the research on the ideas, and then write a draft based on those ideas. In the end, the authors review the ghostwritten work and approve it for their use or make major changes to the draft according to their preferences.Ghostwriters ideas and words In this scenario, the ghostwriter must produce his/her own ideas, create an outline, perform the research, and write the content. The authors involvement here is only to approve the final work. An example of this type of service is a ghostwriter who has been hired to post to a celebritys Twitter account.Pros and Cons of GhostwritingGhostwriting offers some unique benefits and pitfalls. Here are a few benefits of working as a ghostwriter:Simply put, its easy money Freelance writers tend to turn to ghostwriting to ensure a relatively steady income after theyve left corporate life.Ghostwriting about a new field provides writers with an easy education Many people can become pseudo-experts in a certain field when they are mandated to research and write about it.Writing that goes public is always open for scrutiny and (heaven forbid!) criticism When your name isnt involved, it wont get dragged through the mud.But not all is roses and rainbows in the ghostwriting profession:You might get taken advantage of An inexperienced freelance writer can settle for a fee that is way below fair market value.Your clients might forget to refer you to colleagues Your name isnt attached to your work, so it cant help you to get new business. In ghostwriting, if you do good work, your client should ideally refer you to others. But your clients might not take this step, and theres nothing you can do about it, even if your work was awesome.Its a short-term game Theres a big market for ghostwriting. You can make go od money now, but your anonymity will prevent you from building your brand name and expertise in another field or for another business.Create and sign a contractDespite the disadvantages of devoting your life to a career in ghostwriting, there are a few actions you can take to protect your interests. Before you do any ghostwriting, you should come to an agreement with your client about the working conditions of the project and then put them into writing. Its a good idea to hire a lawyer to look over the contract before anyone signs it. The contract should specifically outline and describe the work youll be doing, your fee, when youll be paid (e.g., monthly, upon completion), and the project deadline. The contract should also include elements such as the following:Defined responsibilitiesHow will the labor be divided? Will your client give you an outline? Will he or she perform the research, or will you? When can you expect the necessary materials from the client? How does the client want to receive the completed text to review itâ€"in pieces or in one finished product?Liability terms.An indemnification clause defines who carries the burden should any lawsuits arise. Ghostwriters should be protected by this clause in case the client sends any plagiarized text to work with at the beginning of the project.Author creditDoes your service make you completely invisible and, therefore, uncredited (this is the most common scenario in ghostwriting)? Or will you be acknowledged as a co-author and featured on the cover of the book?Terms for terminationOutline what will happen if the author or ghostwriter wants out before the project is finished.Responsibility for expensesIf you need to purchase access to research materials or travel to communicate with your client in person, how will the bills be split?ConfidentialityMany clients will ask for a nondisclosure agreement. This clause will protect the clients materials and keep you liable if you decide to go rogue in your gho stwriting.Getting the job doneWhen youve established your contract, its time to get down to work. If youre working without an outline from your client, start there. Create your outline and get it approved. Then youre ready to start the research and writing process.CommunicationSome clients will go heavy on face time, while others will prefer to be contacted only when theres already some text to work with. The amount of communication you engage in depends also on the type of project youre doing and the personalities of the people involved. Some people never meet their clients in person, and communicate solely over the Internet. Several tools are available today to ease the process of having to be in two different places at once, such as Track Changes in Microsoft Word. By using this feature, a client can mark up any text he receives from his ghostwriter, enabling him to communicate his thoughts and feedback right next to the exact phrases and words of debate. Then, after transferring the file via email, all the feedback is delivered in one tidy package. This approach is best if your client is generally happy with your work and wants only minor changes. If your client is looking for more substantial edits, then a phone conference is probably best to go over the revisions he wants to have you incorporate.Work togetherFind a working style that both of you are comfortable with. If you are writing to reflect your clients voice and make it sound like she wrote it, youll need to get a feel for her writing style. That means you will need to read and hear that voice.Pay attention to the phrases your client uses often and the structure of her sentences. Does she use certain words more frequently than others? Does she use long, drawn-out sentences, or does she write in shorter, more abrupt phrases? Do her descriptions require a dictionary to understand, or are they relatively simple?Finishing the jobWhen youve finished ghostwriting the chapters of the book or the sections of the article, your client should approve your work. Once hes given the all clear, you will create a final draft of all parts of your work. After youve sent your master file to your client and hes sent your check, thats itâ€"youre done! He then goes on to play the role of the author, as per your agreement, and now youre ready to focus on your next ghostwriting project.

Business Perfomance Assignment Dares Paint Limited Budget Free Essay Example, 2000 words

We can take another analogy from chemical reactions. Profit for a business is like the free energy change associated with a reaction. Like free energy change has to be negative for a chemical reaction to be feasible, similarly, profit is a must for doing a business. Nobody will like to go for a loss-making business; rather everybody will like to go for a profitable business. Therefore, profit is a necessary criterion for carrying out a business. But is it a sufficient criterion. If one can conceive a profit-making business, can he or she necessarily do the business? This will depend on the kind of cash flow he can manage in the business. The cash flow for a business is much like activation energy or kinetic barrier for a chemical reaction. Even if a reaction is feasible by the thermodynamic criteria or free energy considerations it can not take place unless there is a favorable kinetics associated with it. Similarly, a positive business cannot be run unless a healthy cash flow is pa rt and parcel of the business. Which one is more important? We will write a custom essay sample on Business Perfomance Assignment: Dares Paint Limited Budget or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page Therefore, cash flow is certainly more important than the profit. This is the reason why firms are will even lose on the profit margins by a couple of basis points if it helps in maintaining a healthy cash flow. Calculations for April. Receipts. Cash Sales = 20% of April sales = 0.20*April sales volume (lit)*sales price ( /lit) = 0.20*950*50 = 9500 This is because only 20% of the current month s sales are Cash sales. Credit Sales = 80% of March sales = 0.80*March sales volume (lit)*sales price ( /lit) = 0.80*800*50 = 32000 .

What You Have to Know About Argumentative Essay Topics on Time Travel and Why

What You Have to Know About Argumentative Essay Topics on Time Travel and Why Whispered Argumentative Essay Topics on Time Travel Secrets Social media made a huge effect on every important industry throughout the Earth, and the work of travel and hospitality has reaped the rewards as any other business venture. It is preferable to search online since it will save yourself a plenty of time. It isn't possible to generate a true friend online. Shopping online isn't secure or secure. If you would like to ease your tension of trying to find hours and hours for easy essays topic selection then you've reached at the appropriate place. Yearly driving tests ought to be mandatory over a specific age. They should be mandatory for the first five years after getting a license. The Fundamentals of Argumentative Essay Topics on Time Travel Revealed Argue the maximum bargain you've ever got. The second thing which you should take care of once you choose the title is to maintain in mind five kinds of argument claims. Does a great lawyer has an effect on the results of a murder trial in the united states. You may continue to keep your argumentative essays for your upcoming job portfolio in case they're highly graded. Young writers may try simple on-line citation generators which are normally at no charge. Let's say you feel that Mexican-American relations need to be improved. When you know the matter well enough you will start to appreciate what others have to say regarding the subject. Inspiration to make your own advertising or media argumentative essay topics isn't really hard to discover. Impact of social networking on tourism and travel is very huge. With millions of users, social networking platforms are the very best choices for each and every company to promote its offer, and for every traveler to acquire data required for the journey. Advertising and the media are now nearly inseparable from society for a whole. You don't need to find super technical with legal argumentative essays, but don't forget to do your homework on what the present laws about your favorite topic actually say. Quite simply, the politician who would like a vote, or the fake news sites which just need a click. Some folks might believe that the fantastic content could be written on any topic and the paper success is dependent just on the mastery of the writer. Another reason is to observe how well students argue on unique views and demonstrate understanding of the studied subject. You might be interested in a topic but not have the background or capacity to handle it into a paper. Detailed researching and outline editing When you have the entire picture of the essay in your thoughts, start searching for details that will allow you to persuade readers. The essay is broken up into several paragraphs. When you should compose a freelance expository essay either as an element of your homework assignment or as an element of your research for the conclusion of term or middle of term dissertation, there is an assortment of topics it's possible to research on. Definitions of Argumentative Essay Topics on Time Travel Making an Outline Besides the plan for the entire procedure, you need to have a plan for the paper. To help students just like you find debatable topics, we've gathered a wide selection of ideas on various subjects and academic levels. You should conduct extensive studying to finish your work in accordance with all the requirements. Students with good academic results must find the chance to go to college free of charge. A minumum of one parent should work at home. School tests aren't powerful. Travel is internal and external, and thus the story'' is totally free to concentrate on subtle shifts of inner awareness. What to Expect From Argumentative Essay Topics on Time Travel? Therefore, the topic needs to be debatable! Quite frequently, the very best topic is one which you trul y care about, but you also will need to get ready to research it. You must settle on a persuasive essay topic that permits you to present the finest possible case. There are several persuasive essay topics to pick from to finish your high school or college assignment. Life is far better than it was 50 decades ago. Traveling is the type of activity, which almost all the people today love. Travelling is the sort of activity, which almost all the folks love.

From a Chinese Perspective Free Essays

Contemporary Art in China unravels as a budding butterfly out of its cocoon. Years of militant ruling and the imposition of state-centered concepts made contemporary art mundane and stagnant. At the onset of globalization, modern artists from China found more room to wiggle as they begin to showcase their talents in a more matured Chinese setting. We will write a custom essay sample on From a Chinese Perspective or any similar topic only for you Order Now Unable to resist the pressures of globalization, Chinese modern art has slowly opened up to the challenge set by global competitors as it hones its craft into the local and international scene with a distinctive Chinese mark. This new found freedom has resulted in emboldening Chinese artists to meld different mediums and points of view into their artwork, creating a time capsule that pays homage to the past and elucidates the future. Most of the world renowned Chinese artists such as Zhang Xiaogang, Zhang Huan, Ai Weiwei and Liu Xiaodong have made themselves visible because of their unique perspectives about Chinese life and I do not think that their creative impact would have been grand if it did not involve a disturbing quality, especially a distorted one. The function of these artists was not merely to beautify the tedious surroundings of modern China but to diversify its angle on Chinese culture, unfettered from the shackles of its restrictive past. In this respect, I believe that the responsibility of the contemporary artist lies in creating ripples within their immediate environment. I also deem that contemporary artists also have the opportunity to make use of modern tools in order to produce an artwork that is relevant in today’s society of technological advancement and multiculturalism. I have had the prospect of visiting the Museum of Contemporary Art in Shanghai recently wherein the current theme was â€Å"Couples in Contemporary Art†. It featured the artworks of 15 coupled artists in celebration of their varied outlook on gender and power relations between sexes. The artworks exhibited the use of different materials and mediums such as acrylic on canvas, watercolor on marble, bronze and stainless steel sculptures, ceramic and mineral color on silk among other things. I was specifically entranced by the works of the couple Chen Xioadan and Yang Jianping as they used bones and Silica gel for their artworks. It was the first time I had ever seen an exhibition wherein couples were involved so it was very interesting to see the polarities in their viewpoints. Another art showcase that I am very fond of is the selected paintings of Zhang Xiaogang in Charles Saatchi’s gallery. Although I have not been to London, I have seen some of his paintings online and in magazines and I believe his artworks depict our cultural past in its barest form. His paintings merge Asian and European techniques through his use of surrealism and portrait like images of the Chinese family. These artworks incorporate the aesthetics of traditional Chinese charcoal drawings, which give off hues of grey, black and white. A likeness to old photo studio shots, it illustrates the continuous link of the past to the present. The paintings demonstrate a timeless appeal that places emphasis on genealogical roots as each character is a mirror image of another, distinguished only by certain features or marks. The occasional interruption of such marks and colors indicate a focal viewpoint that Zhang had intended for the observer to ponder. The dream-like distortions of Zhang’s paintings signify a complex psychological dimension of Chinese culture in the past, as can be observed in the way the body parts were portrayed such as characters with big heads and eyes and small arms. These suggest narrative readings about personality and a claustrophobic sense of self as images distort the cultured past. Learning about Zhang’s artworks being patronized by people all over the world made me realize how China has matured in order to allow artists like Zhang to represent the country in the world of art. If it were not for globalization, many creative talents from China would still be bottled up in a trend of conformity. Outside influences has greatly affected the crafting of contemporary art in China, which has placed Chinese artists at par with their foreign counterparts. This is why I believe that being exposed to an environment where diversity of culture is encouraged and established among daily interactions could bolster the creative identity of an artist. Constructing art and interpreting its parameters establishes a concrete notion of the abstract realm. As an artist seeking approval from his or her peers, I regard that such activities that expand one’s knowledge would also be culturally beneficial since I would be able to acculturate myself to the modern ways of western thinking and at the same time, impart my Chinese heritage to the fellow artists that I come into contact with. I trust that the network of people that will cross my path would also be able to contribute in strengthening cordial relations between the Chinese and the Americans. I believe that change is important for the growth of an individual artist as that is how creative identity is isolated and constructed. It would be interesting to see and learn from the different viewpoints and techniques of other artists, as well as the opportunity to handle challenges found in a multicultural setting. Such experiences will surely create an impression on my worldview as a Chinese and as a budding artist. How to cite From a Chinese Perspective, Papers

Principles of Communication free essay sample

PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATION Communication is a two-way process of giving and receiving information through any number of channels. Whether one is speaking informally to a colleague, addressing a conference or meeting, writing a newsletter article or formal report, the following basic principles apply: * Know your audience. * Know your purpose. * Know your topic. * Anticipate objections. * Present a rounded picture. * Achieve credibility with your audience. * Follow through on what you say. * Communicate a little at a time. * Present information in several ways. * Develop a practical, useful way to get feedback. Use multiple communication techniques. Read More: www4. uwm. edu/cuts/bench/commun. htm Analysis: PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATION When communication takes place, we must consider the different communication principles in order to establish a good relationship with the audience, especially when you’re delivering speeches in a conference. Every forms of communication, whether does have an intention. Therefore, persuading your audience/listener or the receiver of the message is your primary goal when communicating. We will write a custom essay sample on Principles of Communication or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page KNOW YOUR AUDIENCE. Order to start a good speech, the speaker must consider this first principle. In all panel discussions or in a conference, the speaker must know how to handle his/her listeners; it’s up to him how he’ll do it. Let’s take this situation as an example: A team of a certain NGO is conducting a seminar on how to do use condoms in Tondo, Manila. Group of plain housewives attended the seminar. Some of them have poor education, while others are much luckier than those who have not. Before the team started the lecture, they conducted a survey to everyone who attended the seminar. That’s their way of knowing their audiences. KNOW YOUR PURPOSE. What’s the purpose of the speaker in communicating? Primarily because he has a goal to be understood, a goal to share information to the audiences and to get something from those information he/she shared. For example: A pastor is having a biblical study together with the prisoners. He knows his audience, of course, but his purpose? Of course he knows it too. He is doing this because he’s a servant of God. He was meant for this mission. That was his purpose. KNOW YOUR TOPIC. The speaker must not be haphazard to the information he’ll share with his/her audience. It must be reliable. For example: A professor in biology is teaching in a class of nursing students. His topic is about the human anatomy. Before he teaches all the information to the class, he must first research all the necessary facts available. ANTICIPATE OBJECTIONS. Communication is complex. When listening to or reading someone elses message, we often filter whats being said through a screen of our own opinions. One of the major barriers to communication is our own ideas and opinions. For example: A speaker has finished his speech for the RH Bill advocacy. The audience was silent, but he can see the reaction through their faces that their minds were bursting with ideas. So he finally asks a question to them. â€Å"I am looking forward to all the objections and ideas available. After that question someone raises a hand and speak that breaks everyone’s silence. The speaker begins to answer the audience’s objection with a grin. PRESENT A ROUNDED PICTURE. Persuading the audiences/listeners when communicating is one of the most difficult yet challenging tasks to do. Plain words sometimes aren’t just enough because the audiences have different interests, so to be able to make persuasion of the audiences more effective, there must be a picture that will be presented by the speaker. Example situation: A professor is beginning to find out that one by one his students are getting bored to his subject. He did all his best to persuade them by using interesting words but it seems like it doesn’t make sense. So he think of a better idea, at the next meeting of their class the following week, he’ll bring rounded pictures to illustrate more to his students all the ideas he wants for his students to be understand. ACHIEVE CREDIBILITY WITH YOUR AUDIENCE. Aside from the goal of achieving the attention of the audience, the speaker must also achieve credibility. It’s important to the speaker. If he doesn’t achieve his credibility, his audience would no longer be interested to the things he’s saying. And that’s gauche. Example situation: A speaker who’ll be delivering a speech about the campaign in maintaining a green nation is about to deliver his speech. He finally stands in front of his audience, he dressed formally, he knows about his audience, he knows his purpose, his topic, even planned to anticipate objections and present a rounded picture about his advocacy. He smiles confidently, that’s his way of achieving the credibility with his audience. FOLLOW THROUGH ON WHAT YOU SAY. Information that is shared especially when in front of the audience must be consistent. Any topics that are unnecessary must not be included in delivering a speech. Example situation: A guest speaker from a prominent political clan on Pampanga was invited on a conference attended by the law students in the Polytechnic University of the Philippines was at the middle of delivering his speech that was related to politics, of course. The speaker must attain consistency in his speech. Any unimportant statements will eliminate the interest of the audience. COMMUNICATE A LITTLE AT A TIME. It is important to maintain a relationship with the audience, it’s a must. Example situation: A speaker is reading his speech but manages to look at his audience so that he would know whether his audience is getting something from him or not. PRESENT INFORMATION IN SEVERAL WAYS. Don’t make the ideas redundant. Example situation: The speaker uses different information from other references so that the audiences would be able to get something from other sources, not just depending on the available ones. DEVELOP A PRACTICAL, USEFUL WAY TO GET FEEDBACK. It’s always a pleasure for the speaker to know if his audience got something from the ideas he shared. The speaker must use this principle to be able to know that the audience learned from him. Example situation: The speaker uses cards given to the audience that’s indicating some ideas so the audience will share also what they learn to their fellows. USE MULTIPLE COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUES. It is the most essential principle needed to be used by the speaker. Communication techniques are the usage of technological devices, I think. Example: a speaker uses LCD Projector in discussing an issue. MISCONCEPTIONS OF COMMUNICATION Before considering definitions of communication, we should consider the misconceptions that those definitions will have to address. 1. Communication is Information Transfer The first myth is that communication is simply the transfer of information, just like a computer. This is part of what Theodore Roszak in 1986 called  The Cult of Information, where we assume that human beings behave just like computers as data processing machines. The fact is, we’re not machines. Our communicative behavior is much more complex. Part of that omplexity is the fact that we do not respond equally to the each message, even to the same message sent at different times in a different context. If we assume, therefore, that once we have sent a message, it will obviously be correctly received, we set ourselves up for communication failures. Communication is not about giving information. It is about exerting influence. Far from being guided by logic, it is guided by psycho-logic, to coin a phrase. The goal of communication is not simply telling, but acting, changing another person’s behavior through what we say to them. Example for this is that a teacher is teaching to his students. He’s giving information, but it doesn’t end there. He uses influence, that’s the teacher’s motivation to his students. 2. Communication failures can be solved by restoring the connection Mortensen: â€Å"The notion of gaps and breakdowns automatically portrays communicative activity as a directional and linear sequence of events-much like electronic impulses traveling from beginning to end in a telephone system or digital computer. Once this linear, one-way analogy is accepted, it is almost impossible not to think of communicative difficulties as a result of some malfunctioning that occurs along the line. To correct a breakdown, one is tempted to search for the part or element that needs repair, much as a telephone repairman looks for a break in circuits along a row of telephone lines (Smith, 1970). Even worse, communication tends to be defined in all-or-nothing terms: Either the system works or it does not; the signals arrive at their destination, or they are blocked somewhere along the line. † The general concept of the communication gaps are compared to electronic pulses of a telephone system or a digital computer by Mortensen. If we assume that communication is simply the transfer of information, then all we need to do to solve it if repair the open circuit, plug back into to the network, tune the signal. Example for this is when two people are chit-chatting through the phone and then one person on the line loses the connection. That was meant on this misconception of communication. 3. Communication is either on or off Again, if communication is information transfer, when it fails, it must fail completely. No signals can sneak through a broken network connection. However, human communication can’t be turned off so easily. Some messages, perhaps unintentional, still exert some influence. In a sense we can never have a communication failure—some message is communicated even if it is not the one the speaker intended. Mortensen: â€Å"Running through the previous quotations about communication breakdown is an implicit and mistaken notion that â€Å"no† communication occurred. Supposedly, whenever people fail to arrive at an identical point of view, we can merely assume that they have-almost by definition-â€Å"failed to communicate. † . . . . Communication does not necessarily stop simply because people stop talking or listening. In this misconception of communication, it is stated here that when people transferring information fails to do it, communication completely fails. The truth behind this misconception is that, even if people stop talking, it doesn’t all ends there. They can communicate verbally or non-verbally to be able to share information. They can exert influence in this. Example for this one is: two students were told by their professors to keep their mouth shut and then the professor moved them in separate places. The professor thinks that the he finally ended the noisy interaction between those students. But, actually it’s not. The two students kept on blinking each other’s eye. 4. Communication is passive If communication is information transfer, it doesn’t take much active effort. We have come to regard communication as passive. We simply send our messages and let them take their course, never bothering to reinforce them or check to see if they were received. When we begin to see communication as exerting influence, we can see it is hardly a passive matter. We have to actively attend to the messages we send. We have to be conscious of the unintentional messages we give out that may betray our unguarded intent. We begin to manage our communication strategically, making sure we make the most of the messages we send. We must overcome what  George Orwell called â€Å"the half-conscious belief that language is a natural growth and not an instrument which we shape for our own purposes. †Ã‚   The belief that communication is static, is a totally misconception. But as the example’s definition stated it depends specifically if its info transfer, it doesn’t take active effort. Example for this is: when the students doesn’t ate their lunch even if it’s 12 yet they had a continuous class, their professor kept on sharing information but they kept silent. . Communication success is defined in legal terms Two and a half millennia ago,  Plato described three different kinds of communicators as three different kinds of lovers. The evil lover is concerned only about  himself  and abuses the audience to get what he wants. The neutral lover is like our legal-minded communicator; he gives the bare facts with no care for the ultimate outcome. The best communicator, Plato argues, is like the noble lover who, overcome with a divine madness, does all he can to get his message across for the sake of the audience. Giving the facts is not enough. We have to change the way people work and think. This misconception comes out of the litigious world we live in. We may assume that once we have formally communicated, we have met our legal obligations to get a message across and therefore have no further obligation to communicate. If our purpose in communicating is only to meet some legal standard, this assumption would be correct. But if our purpose is to change someone’s behavior, this assumption falls far short of effective communication. for example: the speaker is responsible for making communication his priority. 6. If human communication is like machine communication, humans must be like machines. Roszak has pointed out that one problem of assuming that machines â€Å"think† like humans is that it leads us to think that humans â€Å"think† like machines. One of the major liabilities of the data processing model of thought is the way in which it coarsens subtle distinctions in the anatomy of the mind. The model may do this legitimately in order to simplify for analytical purposes; all scientific models do that. But there is always the danger—and many computer scientists have run afoul of it—that the model will become reified and be taken seriously. When that happens on the part of experts who should know better, it can actually falsify what we know (or should know) about the way our own minds work. There we discover the riskiest ideas of all. Yet they may also be the richest and most fruitful. For there we find what might be called the master ideas—the great moral, religious, and metaphysical teachings which are the foundations of culture. Most of the ideas that occupy our thinking from moment to moment are not master ideas; they are more modest generalizations. But from this point forward I will be emphasizing master ideas because they are always there in some form at the foundation of the mind, molding our thoughts below the level of awareness. I want to focus upon them because they bear a peculiarly revealing relationship to information, which is our main subject of discussion. Master ideas are based on no information whatever. I will be using them, therefore, to emphasize the radical difference between ideas and data which the cult of information has done so much to obscure. * Let us take one of the master ideas of our society as an example: â€Å"All men are created equal. The power of this familiar idea will not be lost on any of us. From it, generations of legal and philosophical controversy have  arisen,  political movements and revolutions have taken their course. It is an idea that has shaped our culture in ways that touch each of us intimately; it is part, perhaps the most important part, of our personal identity. To see communication as data transfer can lead to the assumptions that humans should be treated as machines to solve human communication problems. Read More: www. shkaminski. com/Classes/ /Definitions%20of%20Communication. htm Submitted by: Kathleen v. maranan Bcr 2-2

Integration Of Nursing Informatics Skills And Competencies Coursework

Integration Of Nursing Informatics Skills And Competencies Coursework Integration Of Nursing Informatics Skills And Competencies – Coursework Example Integration of nursing informatics skills and competencies due: Mastrian & McGonigle (2015) define nursing informatics as the mixture of nursing science, computer science, and information science and computer science and in some cases cognitive science. They also outline the components of a model of the building blocks of nursing informatics as follows: Knowledge acquisition, knowledge dissemination, knowledge generation and knowledge processing. These are the basic activities that are undertaken by a nurse on a daily basis either consciously or subconsciously (Mastrian & McGonigle, 2015). My practice is an information based profession. On a normal day, I monitor the condition and vital signs of my patients, perform procedures such as the operation of a haemodialysis machine and assess the effectiveness of the procedures, explain procedures to my patients, evaluate the effectiveness of the procedures and clean up the patients’ immediate environment. All these activities confor m to the four building blocks of nursing informatics as presented by Mastrian and McGonigle (2015). The Nursing informatics tools I use on a daily basis include knowledge acquisition, knowledge dissemination, knowledge generation and knowledge processing (American Association of Colleges of Nursing QSEN Consortium, 2012).1. Knowledge acquisition: My immediate sources of information as I attend to patients include the diagnosis procedures that I undertake by monitoring the vital signs of the patient for example blood pressure, body temperature, rate of heartbeat and the amount of oxygen in the blood. Moreover, I have knowledge from the formal education acquired in school and the internet, as well as the available hospital records and database concerning the patient in question and any other previous cases. Thus, I am able to tap into any of this information sources either consciously or subconsciously.2. Knowledge dissemination: This happens when i share out the information I have ac quired in the knowledge acquisition process with fellow nurses and other medical practitioners either in a formal setting for example forums or an informal setting such as social media. In the process, I am able to receive feedback which helps confirm the accuracy of the acquired information and any corrections and further research I need to make concerning the acquired information.3. Knowledge generation: This process mainly entails research. In the process of knowledge acquisition and dissemination, I often come across a phenomenon that requires further research. In undertaking the research, I may come across knowledge that is useful in the profession and shares it out with the other medical practitioners in both formal and informal settings.4. Knowledge processing: This process may occur subconsciously in my mind during the knowledge acquisition process, the knowledge dissemination process and the knowledge generation process. During this process, I reason out and make conclusion s based on the information at hand and previous experiences. This process could be undertaken consciously whereby the information acquired over time and stored in the database is analysed, and useful information is acquired that will ascertain better decision-making in the future practices. This process leads to the development of philosophies that guide future practitioners. All in all, the various aspects of nursing informatics happen concurrently and involve the use of nursing science, computer science and to acquire, communicate, manage and process information. This has helped improve the way teaching of nursing sciences is undertaken and better decision making for nurses when providing healthcare service due to the availability of viable information (Johnson et al., 2012). ReferencesAmerican Association of Colleges of Nursing QSEN Consortium (September 24, 2012).Graduate - Level QSEN Competencies Knowledge, Skills and Attitudes. nche.edu. Retrieved, 2014, October 28 from aacn .nche.edu/faculty/qsen/competencies.Johnson, J. E., Veneziano, T., Malast, T., Mastro, K., Moran, A., Mulligan, L., & Smith, A.L. (2012). Nursings future: Whats the message? Nursing Management, 43(7), 36–41. doi:10.1097/01.NUMA.0000415493.20578.f2 McGonigle, D. & Mastrian, K. (2015). Nursing informatics and the foundation of knowledge(3rd ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett.

The Invention of Velcro

The Invention of Velcro Its hard to imagine what we would do without Velcro, the versatile hook-and-loop fastener used in so many aspects of modern life- from disposable diapers to the aerospace industry. Yet the ingenious invention came about almost by accident. Velcro was the creation of Swiss engineer Georges de Mestral, who had been inspired by a walk in the woods with his dog in 1941. Upon their return home, de Mestral noticed that burrs (from the burdock plant) had attached themselves to his pants and to his dogs fur. De Mestral, an amateur inventor and a curious man by nature, examined the burrs under a microscope. What he saw intrigued him. De Mestral would spend the next 14 years attempting to duplicate what he saw under that microscope before introducing Velcro to the world in 1955. Examining the Burr Most of us have had the experience of burrs clinging to our clothing (or our pets), and considered it a mere annoyance, never wondering why it actually happens. Mother Nature, however, never does anything without a specific reason. Burrs have long served the purpose of ensuring the survival of various plant species. When a burr (a form of a seed pod) attaches itself to an animals fur, it is carried by the animal to another location where it eventually falls off and grows into a new plant. De Mestral was more concerned with the how than the why. How did so small an object exert such a stronghold? Under the microscope, de Mestral could see that the tips of the burr, which appeared to the naked eye as stiff and straight, actually contained tiny hooks that can attach themselves to fibers in clothing, similar to a hook-and-eye fastener. De Mestral knew that if he could somehow recreate the simple hook system of the burr, he would be able to produce an incredibly strong fastener, one with many practical uses. Finding the Right Stuff De Mestrals first challenge was finding a fabric he could use to create a strong bonding system. Enlisting the help of a weaver in Lyon, France (an important textile center), de Mestral first tried using cotton. The weaver produced a prototype with one cotton strip containing thousands of hooks and the other strip made up of thousands of loops. De Mestral found, however, that the cotton was too soft- it could not stand up to repeated openings and closures. For several years, de Mestral continued his research, looking for the best material for his product, as well as the optimal size of loops and hooks. After repeated testing, de Mestral eventually learned that synthetics worked best, and settled on heat-treated nylon, a strong and durable substance. In order to mass-produce his new product, de Mestral also needed to design a special type of loom that could weave the fibers in just the right size, shape, and density- this took him several more years. By 1955, de Mestral had completed his improved version of the product. Each square inch of material contained 300 hooks, a density that had proven strong enough to stay fastened, yet was easy enough to pull apart when needed. Velcro Gets a Name and a Patent De Mestral christened his new product Velcro, from the French words velours (velvet) and crochet (hook). (The name Velcro refers only to the trademarked brand created by de Mestral). In 1955, de Mestral received a patent for Velcro from the Swiss government. He took out a loan to begin mass-producing Velcro, opening plants in Europe and eventually expanding into Canada and the United States. His Velcro USA plant opened in Manchester, New Hampshire in 1957 and is still there today. Velcro Takes Off De Mestral had originally intended Velcro to be used for clothing as a zipper-less zipper, but that idea was not initially successful. During a 1959 New York City fashion show that highlighted clothing with Velcro, critics deemed it ugly and cheap-looking. Velcro thus became associated more with athletic wear and equipment than with haute couture. In the early 1960s, Velcro received a huge boost in popularity when NASA began using the product to keep objects from floating around under zero-gravity conditions. NASA later added Velcro to astronauts space suits and helmets, finding it more convenient than the snaps and zippers that were previously used. In 1968, Velcro replaced shoelaces for the first time when athletic shoe manufacturer Puma introduced the worlds first sneakers fastened with Velcro. Since then, Velcro fasteners have revolutionized footwear for children. Even the very young are able to independently fasten their own Velcro shoes well before they learn how to tie their laces. How We Use Velcro Today Today, Velcro is in use seemingly everywhere, from the healthcare setting (blood pressure cuffs, orthopedic devices, and surgeons gowns) to clothing and footwear, sporting and camping equipment, toys and recreation, airline seat cushions, and more. Most impressively, Velcro was used in the first human artificial heart transplantation to hold together parts of the device. Velcro is also used by the military but has recently undergone some modifications. Because Velcro can be too noisy in a combat setting, and because it has a tendency to become less effective in dust-prone areas (such as Afghanistan), it has been temporarily removed from military uniforms. In 1984, on his late-night television show, comedian David Letterman, wearing a Velcro suit, had himself catapulted onto a Velcro wall. His successful experiment launched a new trend: Velcro-wall jumping. De Mestrals Legacy Over the years, Velcro has evolved from a novelty item into a near-necessity in the developed world. De Mestral very likely never dreamed of how popular his product would become, nor the countless ways it could be used. The process de Mestral used to develop Velcro- examining an aspect of nature and using its properties for practical applications- has come to be known as biomimicry. Thanks to Velcros phenomenal success, de Mestral became a very wealthy man. After his patent expired in 1978, many other companies began producing hook-and-loop fasteners, but none are allowed to call their product Velcro, a trademarked name. Most of us, however- just as we call tissues Kleenex- refer to all hook-and-loop fasteners as Velcro. Georges de Mestral died in 1990 at the age of 82. He was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 1999.

Managing Change Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Managing Change Report - Essay Example However, it has been a recognized fact that in an organizational context it is quite easier to determine and plan about initiating any change process than to execute it. This is because it is simpler to change systems as well as processes rather than to change the notion and the perception of people towards any impending change. It is recognized fact that people in an organization i.e. employees are the key players and drivers in order to achieve desired success from initiating any change process. There in lies the need for proper communication of change among the employees with the aim to improve and to tackle any behavioral problem that can occur (Neogroup, 2007). The report intends to recognize and to develop a comprehensive strategy that can be implemented in an organizational perspective to efficiently communicate a significant shift in the company direction. The change that is to be initiated will encompass alterations of senior managerial level and incorporation of additional workforce. In the organizational scenario, in case of change management process a significant problem which generally takes place is regarding proper communication of change. An organization’s higher management primarily desires to initiate a change process in order to bring in certain positive alterations in the organizational fortune. These change requiring situations often include alterations in senior management and induction of additional staff in the organizational workforce. If these situations are not handled properly then it can lead to unpleasant work environment, resentment among the employees and low employee morale among others. These factors can in turn create an inverse reaction within the organizational context and any positive desired outcome can become void (Government Office For the South West, 2007). Communication can be â€Å"defined as the exchange of an information, thought and emotion between individuals of groups, in other words, communication plays a

Gender,love Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Gender,love - Essay Example She believes that one day they will meet and celebrate together as a family. Odysseus enjoys a luxurious life with Calypso (Mitchell, Adrian & Homer 43). However, he admits that his wife cannot be compared to Calypso that is why he plans for a homecoming. Although he encounters different challenges in his homecoming, he is focused to arrive at his home. He is confident in all his undertakings and the thirsts for glory. The focus he has in attaining his goal clearly portrays the meaning of love. Additionally, the place of women in relation to gender is clearly portrayed in Odyssey. Telemachus after his father’s departure takes over his father’s estate and protects his mother. Although he is young, he is given a task to undertake simply because he is a man. Additionally, after his father’s departure, different suitors come in to take the position of Odysseus (Russel& Peter 63). His wife is not allowed to lead and express her opinion. Instead, the people prefer the young man, although he is not old enough to take up the leadership position. Consequently,when Odysseus disappears, she gets pressure from suitors who want her to remarry. However, Penelope does not lose faith in her husband. Despite all the requests she gets from the suitors she upholds her position. Her reactions portray that she loved her husband. She spends nights weeping in her bed. However, as a result, of the pressure from the public, she responds to the suitors by giving them a challenge. Her unyielding love for Odysseus makes her believe that they will soon be back together (Kolker& Robert 45). She says that she will remarry after certain conditions are fulfilled. Subsequently, Penelope gives a challenge which she knows that her husband is the only person who can win it. She does this to appease the members of the community. However, she knows what she wants in life, and her decision is final in the matter. Although members of the society thing that they

internal communication system

internal communication system Does a successful internal communication system result in a motivated Workforce? 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Internal communications: It is a generic expression for all communication (formal and informal) that an organization undertakes with its close stockholders — i.e. those people with whom it has a relationship that requires support, principally direct/indirect employees and members. The main purpose of formal internal communications is to inform employees or members of the direction and performance of the organization (and team) to which they belong. The profession of internal communications builds on fundamental principles of other disciplines like human resources (HR), marketing, project management and media planning. As a result it often gets adopted in organizations under different labels: employee communications, employee engagement, internal marketing, company communications, staff communication, etc. Responsibility can also reside within different functions: marketing, corporate communications, transformation, HR, CEO office, etc. In common with other communication professions, there are different areas of specialism within internal communications: channel management, speech-writing, change communications, HR communications, project communications, event management, social media, intranets, etc 1.2 Motivation work force: A motivated workforce is one which individuals and teams generally strive hard and successfully to achieve the goals set t them. They perform at a high level and make significant effort to help you to achieve your business strategy. A committed work force is one in which individuals identify with the purpose, goals and values of the organization, wish to remain with it and are prepared to put themselves out on its behalf. Motivation is about staff focusing their effort on achieving specific targets. That is, what staffs do? It also is about getting your staff to behave in the right way. That is, how they do things. Key indicators include: †¢ Communication †¢ Management leadership †¢ Performance Management and Recognition †¢ Work Management You can motivate people with: †¢ varied and interesting work perhaps giving the opportunity to travel †¢ high-quality training and development e.g. encouragement to study for professional qualifications †¢ an open door culture in which managers are approachable †¢ respect for a good work-life balance e.g. offering the opportunity for flexible working †¢ fairness at work, including promoting equality and diversity †¢ proactive and regular communication †¢ regular appraisal and positive feedback restating business objectives and recognizing your staffs contribution †¢ requests for feedback, either in person or via staff surveys, on how employees feel about their roles, the support they get, and improvements to the business †¢ the chance to socialize with colleagues at organized events †¢ recognition and reward for ideas or competitive intelligence Commitment is concerned with the loyalty of staff t to the organization and feeling good about it can be increased through creating and maintaining a positive working experience. Key indicators include: †¢ Job Satisfaction †¢ Employee involvement †¢ Training and development †¢ Working environment †¢ Co-operation †¢ Working relationship To be effective employee opinion surveys should be conducted on a regular basis. This could be six-monthly or annually. They do involve extra effort on behalf of the staff in term of taking time to complete the survey. 2.0 Research As little as a few decades ago, managers believed that the behind the scenes dealings of their companies were of no concern to employees. Thus, information that may have motivated employees or inspired their job interest was not available to them as they were merely considered another cog in the organizational wheel. Since that time, management science has formed a basis for analyzing management style and its influence on communication and motivation. Most organizations, be they public or private understand the importance of strategic communication with customers and stakeholders. Hence we have marketing and communication specialists to produce communication plans for external use. In the private sector that means more income; in the public sector it means better public relations, and better use of government services through client information. Many organizations also understand the importance of developing strategic plans to guide longer term decision-making. The thinking is that without knowing where we want to be (and how we are going to get there), we cant coordinate organizational resources so that we get to where we want to go. Frequently, communication methodologies for communicating with customers and the public are included in strategic planning. However, few organizations address internal communication in the same way. Determining what should be communicated to staff, when it should be communicated, and how it should be communicated is often left up to the decisions of individuals made when there seems to be a need. In other words internal communication strategies are developed, reactively, when there is a crisis or major event that clearly requires addressing communication issues. Where communication is planned out, it is often around upheavals like major corporate or organization change, layoffs and downsizing, and technological change. However, once the initiating focus has been eliminated communication tends to go back to an unorganized incoherent process. 2.1 Principle of Internal Communication Some basic principles to keep in mind when creating your strategic internal communication plan are: ï‚ § Develop a long-term focus ï‚ § Identify clear values for your organization ï‚ § Define the specific goals for your internal communication strategy ï‚ § Use comprehensive, pervasive methods ï‚ § Be consistent in your messages 2.1.1 Openness: All information should be communicated in an open and honest fashion. While the positive aspects of any news or decision should always be clearly communicated. Message senders should not be afraid to admit that they have changed their mind or have been mistaken. As a result, senders should be prepared to receive contradictory or critical views and should be ready to engage in debate with staff. In the light of freedom of information Act, all information should be open to access by any members of staff. 2.1.2 Relevance: Information should be clearly relevant to the audience they are delivered to. Each message should answer the question that many staff has what in it for me? The needs of the audience should be put in all communications activity and information should be tailored to ensure that it is relevant to different audiences. If the recipient is expected to act on the information they have received this should be made clear to them. 2.1.3 Simplicity: Simple, Straightforward language should be used in all written and verbal communication. The use of jargon and management speak should be avoid. Messages should be carefully thought out and constructed so that the point of clear. Any actions you expect staff to take as a result should be clear. Messages should not be overly long or complicated and all communication should be consistently of a high quality. 2.1.4 Clarity: All communication should be clear in its aims. Message senders need to tell their audience in direct terms the status of the information they are communicating. Here just four examples. 2.1.4.1 A policy decision: A decision taken by one of the universitys three committees which applied to the whole university and must be considered by all staff. 2.1.4.2 A Mandatory Decision: either taken by the university, or imposed by an outside authority. 2.1.4.3 Consultation: Information which is in the discussion stage and is open to consultation by staff. If this is the case, the message sender needs to be clear as to where feedback can be sent. 2.1.4.4 Work in progress: Where is it necessary to keep staff updated about a major projector policy which is still in development. 2.1.5 Planned and timely: Information should be prioritized and planned so as to avoid information overload, duplication of messages or long periods of non-communication. Communication with staff should not be an afterthought or an add-on but should be at the heart of all planning within university. This will ensure that information is given to staff when they need it- not when decision makers happen to think about it, or in the worst case scenario, when staff learns of major decision via the regional or national media. To this end, all major committees or decision making groups should develop an explicit communications strategy which outlines how information will be fed to staff via existing channels of communication. 2.1.6 Two- way communication: A one way conversation is very boring wherever possible, communication should be two way. All communication should be ensure that there are as many opportunities for listening and asking questions as there are sending messages out. These opportunities should be opened for all staff. Where these opportunities are offered the message owner should ensure that good quality and rapid answers can be given to the questions and issued rose. In this way communication will be positively encouraged and staff will feel that they can influence the development of relevant strategies, policies and procedures at a university and local level. 3.0 The advantages of Internal Communication We know that some of the most successful companies and corporations create a workforce that understands the mission, goals, values and procedures of the organization. The intent of creating such cultures is not to dominate or control employees, but to aim them at a set of common goals on which they can act every day. This brings coherence to the workplace, and allows better coordinated action. By clearing up ambiguity in whats, hows, and whys, the common culture permits employees to act with empowerment. When we have staff that understands the basic values and purposes of an organization, we give them the opportunity to make decisions that fall within those parameters. That means, for example, that more decisions can be made at the line level, reducing micro-managing. When your organization is communicating effectively with its internal stakeholders, whether they are employees, management or volunteers, it develops a cohesive culture where everyone is focused on the same goals and ha s the same objectives. By working within a cohesive culture, your stakeholders can work more efficiently together and collaborate more effective. Clearly, if we are to create such a common culture, we need to harness all of our organizations communication resources to achieve the purpose. Before we talk about that, lets look at some other advantages to having a coherent, shared organizational culture. †¢ Permits employees to make more decisions online since they have the tools and knowledge needed to make the right decisions. †¢ Encourages a sense of identification, on the part of staff, with the goals, mission and procedures of the organization, which can result in a sense of making a difference. This can have direct impact on effort and efficiency. †¢ Has the potential for reducing day-to-day conflict. Much conflict is generated by conflicting ideas on what is important to the organization often an indicator that the people involved do not share a common vision or understanding. †¢ Helps staff feel a part of the organization. When we look at organizations that use their common culture as a strategic advantage, what we find is that they create that culture through the use of very strategic, coordinated communication strategies. They use multiple methods, consistently. Their training supports their cultural goals, as does their written communication (e.g. newsletters, billboards, slogans, etc). Their management communicates consistently with common messages in a number of forums (e.g. performance management, department or sub-organization meetings, award and recognition programs, etc). And perhaps most importantly, management behavior is consistent with the messages echoed via other communication methodologies. 4.0 Internal communication strategy There are two sides of strategy in internal communications. In the first instance there is organizations strategy — what it hopes to achieve and how it plans to go about achieving it. That strategy will be supported and, to some extent, delivered through effective internal communications. In this context internal communication can help on several different levels: †¢ Tell: simply informing people of the direction, non-negotiable †¢ Sell: anticipating some form of backlash, requiring some persuasion †¢ Consult: seeking specific areas of input to the decision-making process †¢ Involve: seeking varying degrees of involvement and co-creation Secondly, and more importantly, internal communications needs a strategy of its own. It should be positioned more than a simple plan of tactical interventions in support of business activities. The strategy should consider the following: †¢ Market: What does the organization know about its audiences needs? How should its audiences be segmented? †¢ Message: What is it the organizations message is trying to achieve? In what tone should it be conveyed? †¢ Media: Which channels work best for the different audience segments? How will it maximize reach and cut-through? Are there clear editorial guidelines for each? †¢ Measurement: Are there clearly defined success criteria? What are the leading and lagging measures? As well as informing all of the other three Ms, it should be used to demonstrate value and measures of performance (rate of return, message penetration, hit rates, quality of feedback, etc) The strategy will inform the best way to organize effective communications 5.0 Conclusion The development of a strategic internal communication strategy and its implementation can provide a number of benefits to organizations. To achieve those benefits we need a coordinated, comprehensive, long term communication approach. Effective communications require the active commitment and endorsement of senior managers. It is not enough simply to develop a vision statement or formulate in general terms the values by which the company lives. Behavior is what counts. Managers must be seen to behave in a manner that is consistent with the ethos they are promoting. Communication applied to development initiatives is still too often limited to activities aimed at informing the stockholders or the general public following the typical and dated top-down approach. Government counterparts and project managers are often not used or ready to democratize the decision making process, but are more interested in accelerating it. However, the budget, time and effort devoted to communication will almost certainly be worthwhile. Tele business relying on a mix of adequate telecommunications infrastructure, a quality workforce with reasonable wage levels and corresponding linguistic skills, such requisites are today available in other countries, particularly in the developing world. The workforce skills have to be permanently upgraded so as to satisfy the requirements of new applications. The internal communication techniques can inform and encourage policymakers to base their decisions on a clear understanding of beneficiaries perspectives from the beginning of a development initiative. Such communication not only needs to be carefully planned and implemented but must also be properly integrated with emergency management activities and operations therefore effective internal communication is therefore a key responsibility of public health professionals and information officers, especially during emergency. 6.0 References Effective media communication during public health emergencies (Google book) By Randall N. Hyer, Vincent T. Covello pg 4 published 2007 Information and communication technologies and rural development (Google book) By Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development pg 76 published July 2001 The role of communication in large infrastructure: the Bumbuna Hydroelectric (Google book) By Leonardo Mazzei, Gianmarco Scuppa, World Bank pg 39 published June 2006 Strategic Communication for Privatization, Public-Private Partnerships and Private Participation in Infrastructure Projects (Google book) By Daniele Calabrese World Bank published March 2008 pg 39 http://www.uneed2.com/assets/Summary_Guide_to_Employee_Opinion_Surveys.pdf dtd. 7/10/09 http://www.campus.manchester.ac.uk/medialibrary/internal-comms/ic-principles.pdf dtd. 10/10/09. http://performance-appraisals.org/Bacalsappraisalarticles/articles/comstrat.htm dtd 7/10/09 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_communications#Internal_communication_strategy dtd 7/10/09 http://www.oppapers.com/essays/Communication-Organisation/165925 dated 14/10/09.

Clinical Governance Improving the Continuing Education of Nurses

Clinical Governance Improving the Continuing Education of Nurses – Myth or Reality? Nurse Management MSc Practice Development Nursing Practice Route Faculty of Community Studies, Law and Education The Manchester Metropolitan University Jean Rogers Tutor: Mary Shaw Submission Date: 8th August 2005 Word Count: Nursing has changed radically over the last two decades and is continuing to do so. Some would say for the better others for the worse (Rushford and Ireland 1997).The purpose of this assignment is to offer a critical analysis of clinical governance as it applies to nursing and the effect it has had on nurses’ on going continuing educational needs. By the term critical analysis I do not mean that I shall attempt to discredit clinical governance, or claim that it is harmful to patients or staff. Instead, I will attempt to discern its nature in a rigorous way and examine how it has led to a change in the way professionals and patients in health care are conceptualised and how this has had an effect on the on going continuing education of nurses.The introduction of clinical governance has resulted in change not only in nursing practice but also in the subjectivity of nurses and their educational needs. Staff do appear to be embracing the notion of clinical governance, however there appears to be very few changes apparent at the level of patient care (Brown and Crawford 2001). The major changes appear to involve their attitudes, and how they conceptualise themselves and their work. In addition, the introduction of clinical governance appears to involve encouraging a new kind of consciousness on the part of patients, amongst whom a greater degree of responsibility is demanded.In reviewing the literature on clinical governance in nursing it appears that there have not been many critics. Indeed, searching the main electronic databases which cover topics which relate to nursing the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health (CINAHL), Psycinfo and Me dline and numerous books has not revealed material which adopts a critical stance towards clinical governance and evidence based practice which are currently ‘buzz words’ in the nursing profession and the broader network of health care provision in the United Kingdom (UK) as a whole.There has been some criticism in relation to nursing research This omission is surprising as Brown and Crawford (2001) maintain the efforts of commercial organisations to change their culture and urge this change on their workforce is similar to those changes being encouraged in the health care system and have been subject to considerable debate and critical analysis (Du Gay, 1997, Casey, 1999).Yet overwhelmingly the nursing literature has concentrated on how the process of clinical governance can be facilitated rather than anything else (Lilley, 1999; McSherry and Haddock, 1999). In order to critically analyse these concepts it is judicious to define clinical governance. Clinical governance has been promoted as a way of managing the organisation, resourcing and delivery of health care in the UK for several years now and it is a process which has grown in strength and popularity during that time.The standard definition of clinical governance which is promoted in the literature is from the paper a first class service (Department of Health (DH), 1998) is that it is a Framework through which National Health Service (NHS) organisations are accountable for continuously improving the quality of their services, and safeguarding high standards of care, by creating an environment in which excellence in clinical care will flourish. (Page )In addition to this, the precise pathways under which this was to be achieved were elaborated in an earlier document The New NHS: Modern and Dependable (DH, 1997) which outlined three major strands in the strategy. First, there was to be a set of clear national standards, delivered through national service frameworks (DH, 1999) and the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE). Second, the local delivery of quality services was to be undertaken via the mechanism of clinical governance and a statutory duty of quality and this was to be supported by lifelong learning programmes and professional self-regulation.Thirdly, the services themselves were to be monitored via the Commission for Health Improvement (CHI) and the NHS Performance Framework (Lilley, 1999). However, very often these bodies and mechanisms of control are rather remote from everyday life in the ward and, staff and patients are made increasingly reliant on their own powers of self control in order to live up to these political and managerial imperatives (Holmes, 2001).It is the second strand that this assignment will be concentrating on. Conclusion Whatever nursing’s response to clinical governance, it is vital that nurses are aware of the kinds of changes which it will involve for their consciousness and subjectivity as practitioners in order to ensure they retain their professional independence in the light of these new policies.

Is College Worth It Essay - 1875 Words

Is college worth it As adolescents begin their senior year, the topic of college often runs without hindrance, often causing extreme stress. As the monetary value, as well as the time spent, begins to accumulate in their minds, students often find themselves bound at the wrists figuring out a way to balance as well as afford college living. In many cases, the upcoming graduates are unsure about their career path, almost enhancing their stress in choosing a school that would cater to their needs. It is almost then they begin to ponder whether or not University/college life is for them, which is could be an extremely advantageous shot in a, for example, high achieving family. Whilst college does allow for a plethora of doors to be opened, the lack of time, effort, and money can hinder one s ability to properly choose a university. Though school can help with the stepping stones of life, they do not entirely ensure a proper future, therefore many may opt out of school; however, with the correct actions, they may turn out extremely successful, which may not have even happened without the release of the burden of school. For example, one of the many factors that often cause stress about college is the financial portion of it. Due to the now ever falling economic state of the middle class, more and more students find that college, unless paid for in full, is completely out of the question due to their predisposing financial problems. If a student were to take out loans, thisShow MoreRelatedIs College Worth A College?1254 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout the USA college tuition has increased drastically; in the last five years Georgia colleges have had 75% increase along with other states such as Arizona whose tuition has increased by 77% (NPR). Since 2006 the tuition in Utah has increased by 62.8% and is rising throughout the U.S. (Desert News). Between 1885-2016 the price of college has increased between 2.1% to 4.3% per year beyond inflation (CollegeBoard). Through calculations, that equates to about a hundred precent increase sinceRead MoreIs College Worth It?857 Words   |  4 PagesIs college wo rth it, many ask and a lot of them wonder. This controversial topic has a lot of arguments and still no fix answer to it. Some people might find college to be not worth it as most people find it useless after graduation as said by TOM BACHTELL on a college graduation â€Å" diploma—need not be a statistics major to know that the odds of stepping into a satisfying job, or, indeed, any job, are lower now than might have been imagined four long years ago†. But in my opinion I would say thatRead MoreCollege Is Worth It?852 Words   |  4 Pages College is a place where students learn what they want to be when they graduate and they use that knowledge they obtained from college to fulfill their dream by what they have studied, so hard for in college. Some people ask, â€Å"Is College worth it?† and the answer to that question is, â€Å"Yes.† A lot of people continue to disagree with that answer, but when it’s all said and done: college is worth it. T hat is why, there is still students that enroll into a 4-year college or a community college becauseRead MoreCollege Is It Worth It?1317 Words   |  6 PagesCollege, is it Worth it? Is college really worth the time and money? This is the question I am going to be exploring. While many people may have an idea that college is just an abundance of debt, other students argue that most of the information they learn doesn’t provide them with the value they thought it would (Adams 1). Many college students who grow up with the opportunity to go to college usually don’t stress the idea of going to school, but most students who don’t have the opportunity toRead MoreIs College Worth It?923 Words   |  4 PagesThe question here is, is college worth it? Many people question this especially high school students who are about to graduate. This debate is still taking place today. The common misunderstood saying is, if you have a degree you will then have a good job. But this is not the case because in today’s society there are so many people with degrees who still cannot find a job. The rate of unemployment is increasing rapidly on a yearly basi s. High school students see it this way, if I can’t find a jobRead MoreCollege Worth?1116 Words   |  5 PagesIs College Worth It? College is a place for higher education. Many people go there for further study every year. Meanwhile, plenty of people skip college or drop out of college. Sort of people believe college is not worth because it cost too much. Most people think college is worth because you will able to get a good job when you holding a degree. Yes, because being a college graduate can help you gain more than the money you spent to pay for college. College is worth it because you will haveRead MoreCollege Is Worth It?1139 Words   |  5 Pagesdebate about whether or not college is worth it, but it’s hard to measure some of the pros of a college education in numbers. Most agree, however, that college enriches people’s life in some way that isn’t just financial. Through encountering different perspective and getting a liberal arts education, people become better citizens of the world. Or so the argument goes. In his essay, Colleges Prepare People for Life, Freeman Hrabowski argues that everyone should attend college, not just for the financialRead MoreCollege Is Not Worth It?1139 Words   |  5 PagesIn the debate about whether college is worth attending, many argue that college is worth it but others argue that college is not worth it. Those who argue that college is worth it contend to say that college graduates make more money, college allows students to explore career options, and not going to college will cost people more money in the future but on the other hand, those who argue that college is not worth it contend to say that college graduates are employed in jobs that do not require degreesRead MoreIs College Worth It?1177 Words   |  5 PagesStatistics Say Yes To College If you walked across the stage at your high school graduation ceremony you probably were confronted by the options of college, military service, work force, etc. If you decide college is the place to go, then questions start to arise, how am I going to pay for college, where should I go, what do I want to study. Is college is a voluntary place to further your education or is it mandatory to achieve a decent paying job? College has now become something that everyoneRead MoreIs College Worth It?972 Words   |  4 PagesIs College Worth It? In recent discussions of Is College Worth It? By John Green, a controversial issue has been whether, people should attend college or get a job after they finish high school. On the one hand, some argue that people can get a monthly income better than if they have a degree. From this perspective, some people they do not want to attend college. On the other hand, however, others insist that people should attend college after they finish high school. In the words of John Green,

Why is AA so successful - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1179 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/10/10 Did you like this example? According to the journal Alcoholics, Anonymous (AA) is an organization known worldwide ,to be so successful, it is   playing a vital role in helping the individuals by availing social support aimed to help them quit alcohol. Most importantly the key purpose of this institution was to assist the members of the society to remain sober and facilitate in assisting others alcoholics to be able to achieve sobriety. In addition, the organization is independent and does not in any way have affiliation in either of the political perspective, sect, religious view or even any institution or organization. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Why is AA so successful?" essay for you Create order A generally is not opposing or supporting any cause (Zemore 940). AA organization offers high-quality services to its members and the society at large without demanding any chargers or payments. According to the research, it is perfectly funded by the voluntary support of its members. This is actually going to be very useful and effective in the society as many people might be driven to the view of seeing the real situation they might be in when fully committed to the orientation programs aimed t making them overcome this bad practice of taking alcohol. In the 20th century there was this Oxford a religious group based in Europe and United States , its main objective was to ensure there is self-improvement. It gave birth to AA in the year 1935.To meets the AA goals there is twelve traditions and twelve steps in order to remain sober and quit the unethical act of taking alcohol(Butler,2010).AA organization is very useful in nurturing people and improving their social life because it will shift them from their beliefs and stand. Therefore it will be important to help people see those who used to be drunkards realize themselves and setting strategies to manage themselves effectively and be responsible to their families and play their role to society. This organization is so popular all over the world for it has really helped most of the Alcoholics to recover from alcoholism. Moreover, it is widely offering a very important program to the society. I believe that many have recovered from being alcoholics and therefore taking the appropriate direction in life nurturing the others in the society. Recently researchers have been having questions concerning the effectiveness of this organization. The investigations were focusing on the effectiveness of Alcohol anonymous the twelve step facilitation. For instance, recently Cochrane database made an evaluation on AA programs and it was discovered that they could not be able to find any experimental study demonstrating the way TSF and AA programs are effective in the society these are the applied approaches by AA to reduce the peoples dependency on alcohol. His findings surprised the society due to the popularity and proper dissemination of AA. Although some researchers could discover the evidence showing affects of this organization approaches it could not work effectively regarding abstinence rates and magnitude of the effects. The higher rates of abstinence are related to higher level of attendance. According to my research on this organization   so successful and helpful in the society. The AA program is very widely and popular available in the society. According to researchers, many people all over the world have got different views and perspectives on this organization. The members and the public are free to have an access to AA services. This organization is mainly focused on helping the society rather than money and financial gains. Since the organization does not prevent people from events based on financial resources because they want all people to enjoy their services irrespective of their social and financial status (Kelly 929).Most of the meetings are scheduled to take place in the evening. This is a very convenient time where most people are free and locally available to get these services. The organization will, therefore, be ready in motivating people to overcome this problem of alcoholism. Another very crucial advantage is having social support whereby AA encourages its member to look for sponsors in the event of the program. The most appropriate sponsors are the people who have already recovered from alcoholism; they will effectively nature others on the approaches and steps required to quit alcoholism. It is the high time when the victims and the people recovered from alcoholism share and exchange their life experiences and stories encouraging the drinkers to quit the alcoholism. Through sharing of their stories of sobriety, the sponsors will have assisted the people in the AA through the process and eventually they may end up recovering from alcohol. According to the research for AA organization to boost its services it has a well-established online community offering the same services aimed at reducing the tendency of taking alcohol. An individual could easily get assisted while at home, work by contacting others online. This encourages masses to get connected and enjoy the services. On the other hand, I believe despite the program being of great importance and benefit to the society it also can be associated with some disadvantages. The organization has set some strategies to overcome this. According to Sharma, article when it comes to the actual programming of AA.People without any religious belief or atheist could not fully be interested in this program because it is based on the religious view. According to the recent studies, it is clearly known that individuals do face challenges such as difficulty when carrying out robust experiments aimed at evaluating the AA center effectiveness of the effect of its program at large(Kelly 930). Most of the reviews of its effectiveness in its services suggested that the AA is not mildly effective after conducting few studies on it. This organization is with the potential to attract the volunteers willing to either attend or not to attend their meetings. There is another problem affecting this institution because there are biases in the selection of the AA participants. This organization is aimed at attracting people to voluntarily succeed the organization goals and aims. The youth in school have a challenge of high dropout rate. It is not totally not perfect that these school drop will become successful abstainers of alcohol or are not in any more need of AA treatment or relapsing. Individuals can result to be doing worse if forced to attend training and orientation based on reducing the rate of alcoholism. This mandate might be given by the court order but I think it would have been more effective if people do it as a result of their voluntary services. Withholding treatment to is unethical because there is randomization of participants in the treatment based on the comparison of their condition (Zemore 940). Generally, I believe that despite the fact that in AA we have got a lot of benefits that could potentially help the needy in the society. It is actually not effective to see the effectiveness the AA organization. There is not enough evidence on the effectiveness of the AA organization. But further research should be done to foster its effectiveness in the society. This will generally make the organization so useful and offering its services to the community.